msd-core/gsd-core/references/model-profiles.md

Model Profiles

Model profiles control which Claude model each GSD agent uses. This allows balancing quality vs token spend, or inheriting the currently selected session model.

Profile Definitions

Agent	quality	balanced	budget	adaptive	inherit
gsd-planner	opus	opus	sonnet	opus	inherit
gsd-roadmapper	opus	sonnet	sonnet	sonnet	inherit
gsd-executor	opus	sonnet	sonnet	sonnet	inherit
gsd-phase-researcher	opus	sonnet	haiku	sonnet	inherit
gsd-project-researcher	opus	sonnet	haiku	sonnet	inherit
gsd-research-synthesizer	sonnet	sonnet	haiku	haiku	inherit
gsd-debugger	opus	sonnet	sonnet	opus	inherit
gsd-codebase-mapper	sonnet	haiku	haiku	haiku	inherit
gsd-verifier	sonnet	sonnet	haiku	sonnet	inherit
gsd-plan-checker	sonnet	sonnet	haiku	haiku	inherit
gsd-integration-checker	sonnet	sonnet	haiku	haiku	inherit
gsd-nyquist-auditor	sonnet	sonnet	haiku	haiku	inherit

Per-Phase-Type Model Map (#3023)

.planning/config.json accepts a coarse per-phase-type map under the models key. Use this when you want tuning at the phase level ("Opus for planning and execution, Sonnet for the rest") without learning the agent taxonomy.

{
  "model_profile": "balanced",
  "models": {
    "planning": "opus",
    "discuss": "opus",
    "research": "sonnet",
    "execution": "opus",
    "verification": "sonnet",
    "completion": "sonnet"
  },
  "model_overrides": {
    "gsd-codebase-mapper": "haiku"
  }
}

Phase-type → agent mapping

Phase type	Agents
planning	gsd-planner, gsd-roadmapper, gsd-pattern-mapper
discuss	(reserved — no subagent today)
research	gsd-phase-researcher, gsd-project-researcher, gsd-research-synthesizer, gsd-codebase-mapper, gsd-ui-researcher
execution	gsd-executor, gsd-debugger, gsd-doc-writer
verification	gsd-verifier, gsd-plan-checker, gsd-integration-checker, gsd-nyquist-auditor, gsd-ui-checker, gsd-ui-auditor, gsd-doc-verifier
completion	(reserved — no subagent today)

Resolution precedence (highest to lowest)

1. Per-agent model_overrides[agent] — full IDs accepted; targeted exceptions
2. Phase-type models[phase_type] — tier alias only (opus / sonnet / haiku / inherit)
3. Profile table — the per-agent column from the active model_profile
4. Runtime default — when nothing else applies

Why two layers above the profile?

• Profile is a global tier strategy (everyone runs balanced).
• models is coarse phase-level tuning without learning agent names.
• model_overrides is per-agent precision (e.g. force haiku on gsd-codebase-mapper for a fan-out).

The three layers compose: models defaults a phase, model_overrides carves an exception out of it.

Profile Philosophy

quality - Maximum reasoning power

• Opus for all decision-making agents
• Sonnet for read-only verification
• Use when: quota available, critical architecture work

balanced (default) - Smart allocation

• Opus only for planning (where architecture decisions happen)
• Sonnet for execution and research (follows explicit instructions)
• Sonnet for verification (needs reasoning, not just pattern matching)
• Use when: normal development, good balance of quality and cost

budget - Minimal Opus usage

• Sonnet for anything that writes code
• Haiku for research and verification
• Use when: conserving quota, high-volume work, less critical phases

adaptive — Role-based cost optimization

• Opus for planning and debugging (where reasoning quality has highest impact)
• Sonnet for execution, research, and verification (follows explicit instructions)
• Haiku for mapping, checking, and auditing (high volume, structured output)
• Use when: optimizing cost without sacrificing plan quality, solo development on paid API tiers

inherit - Follow the current session model

• All agents resolve to inherit
• Best when you switch models interactively (for example OpenCode or Kilo /model)
• Required when using non-Anthropic providers (OpenRouter, local models, etc.) — otherwise GSD may call Anthropic models directly, incurring unexpected costs
• Use when: you want GSD to follow your currently selected runtime model

Using Non-Claude Runtimes (Codex, OpenCode, Gemini CLI, Kilo)

When installed for a non-Claude runtime, the GSD installer sets resolve_model_ids: "omit" in ~/.gsd/defaults.json. This returns an empty model parameter for all agents, so each agent uses the runtime's default model. No manual setup is needed.

To assign different models to different agents, add model_overrides with model IDs your runtime recognizes:

{
  "resolve_model_ids": "omit",
  "model_overrides": {
    "gsd-planner": "o3",
    "gsd-executor": "o4-mini",
    "gsd-debugger": "o3",
    "gsd-codebase-mapper": "o4-mini"
  }
}

The same tiering logic applies: stronger models for planning and debugging, cheaper models for execution and mapping.

Using Claude Code with Non-Anthropic Providers (OpenRouter, Local)

If you're using Claude Code with OpenRouter, a local model, or any non-Anthropic provider, set the inherit profile to prevent GSD from calling Anthropic models for subagents:

# Via settings command
/gsd:settings
# → Select "Inherit" for model profile

# Or manually in .planning/config.json
{
  "model_profile": "inherit"
}

Without inherit, GSD's default balanced profile spawns specific Anthropic models (opus, sonnet, haiku) for each agent type, which can result in additional API costs through your non-Anthropic provider.

Advisor Tool (Claude Code)

Claude Code (v2.1.98+) can pair the session's executor model with a stronger advisor model that it consults mid-generation for strategy and course-correction (Anthropic's advisor tool). This is a host-runtime feature, not a GSD setting — GSD selects each agent's executor model through the profile/tier system above; Claude Code supplies the advisor.

Set it once at the session level with /advisor <model> (or the advisorModel setting / --advisor flag). Subagents inherit the session advisor automatically, so every GSD subagent an orchestrator spawns gets the same advisor with no per-agent configuration. It composes cleanly with GSD's tiering: the profile keeps executors cheap where the work is mechanical, and the advisor adds a stronger reviewer inline on the turns that benefit.

Candidate pairings

Per Anthropic's advisor-tool docs the advisor must be at least as capable as the executor. Candidate pairings by profile — evaluate on your own workload; the quality/cost characterizations below are Anthropic-reported, not GSD guarantees:

Profile	Typical executors	Candidate advisor	Rationale (per Anthropic docs)
budget	Haiku / Sonnet	Fable 5 or Opus	A step up in intelligence over Haiku alone, at lower cost than switching the executor to a larger model
balanced	Sonnet	Fable 5 or Opus	A quality lift at similar or lower total cost than Sonnet-solo on complex tasks
quality / adaptive	Opus (planning), Sonnet	Fable 5 or Opus	Marginal on turns already at top capability; most valuable on the Sonnet-executor agents

Fable 5 is a valid advisor for Haiku 4.5, Sonnet 4.6/5, and Opus 4.8 executors, so it pairs with any tier a profile assigns.

When it's worth enabling

• Worth it: long, multi-step agent loops where the plan matters but most turns are mechanical — e.g. execute-phase and debug. Anthropic's docs note advisor prompt-caching pays off at roughly three or more advisor calls, which these long loops make.
• Skip it: short, one-shot agents (mappers, quick audits, single-file checks) — there is little to plan, and the advisor adds cost without a commensurate quality gain.

Constraint: session-level only (today)

The advisor is a single session-wide setting inherited by all subagents; there is no per-agent advisor selection, so GSD cannot vary the advisor by role the way it varies the executor model (e.g. "no advisor on the Haiku mapper, a Fable 5 advisor on the Sonnet executor"). Per-agent advisor control is tracked upstream at anthropics/claude-code#73072; until it lands, pick one session advisor that fits the most valuable agents in your run.

Dynamic Routing with Failure-Tier Escalation (#3024)

When dynamic_routing.enabled = true in .planning/config.json, the resolver picks a model from a tier-mapped table based on the agent's default tier (light / standard / heavy) and escalates to the next tier up on orchestrator-detected soft failure.

{
  "dynamic_routing": {
    "enabled": true,
    "tier_models": {
      "light":    "haiku",
      "standard": "sonnet",
      "heavy":    "opus"
    },
    "escalate_on_failure": true,
    "max_escalations": 1
  }
}

Agent default tiers (each agent in MODEL_PROFILES declares one):

Tier	Agents	Use case
light	gsd-codebase-mapper, gsd-pattern-mapper, gsd-research-synthesizer, gsd-plan-checker, gsd-integration-checker, gsd-nyquist-auditor, gsd-ui-checker, gsd-ui-auditor, gsd-doc-verifier	Cheap/fast — pure mappers, scanners, low-stakes audits
standard	gsd-executor, gsd-phase-researcher, gsd-project-researcher, gsd-verifier, gsd-doc-writer, gsd-ui-researcher	Default workhorse — research, writing, primary verification
heavy	gsd-planner, gsd-roadmapper, gsd-debugger	Deep reasoning — already at top, can't escalate further

Escalation flow (orchestrator-driven):

1. Orchestrator spawns agent with attempt: 0 → resolver returns tier_models[default_tier]
2. If orchestrator marks the result a soft failure, it re-spawns with attempt: 1 → resolver returns tier_models[next_tier_up]
3. max_escalations caps total retries (default 1). Beyond the cap the resolver returns the cap-tier model so the orchestrator can log without burning further budget.
4. Hard failures (exceptions) bypass escalation and surface immediately.

Precedence with other tier sources (highest → lowest):

1. model_overrides[<agent>] — full ID, always wins
2. dynamic_routing.tier_models[escalated_tier] — when enabled: true
3. models[<phase_type>] — coarse phase-level (#3023)
4. model_profile — global tier strategy

When dynamic_routing.enabled = false (default), behavior is identical to today.

Resolution Logic

Orchestrators resolve model before spawning. The full precedence ladder is (highest → lowest):

1. Read .planning/config.json
2. Check model_overrides[<agent>] (full IDs accepted; targeted exceptions)
3. If dynamic_routing.enabled, return tier_models[escalated_tier]
   (see §Dynamic Routing — escalation steps tier up per attempt counter)
4. If no dynamic_routing match, check models[phase_type] for a phase-type tier
   (see §Per-Phase-Type Model Map for the agent → phase-type mapping)
5. If no phase-type slot, look up agent in profile table
6. Pass model parameter to Task call

The same precedence applies to reasoning_effort resolution on runtimes that support it (Codex), so model and reasoning_effort always derive from the same tier source — a models[phase_type] or dynamic_routing override flips both.

Per-Agent Overrides

Override specific agents without changing the entire profile:

{
  "model_profile": "balanced",
  "model_overrides": {
    "gsd-executor": "opus",
    "gsd-planner": "haiku"
  }
}

Overrides take precedence over the profile. Valid values: opus, sonnet, haiku, inherit, or any fully-qualified model ID (e.g., "o3", "openai/o3", "google/gemini-2.5-pro").

Switching Profiles

Runtime: /gsd-set-profile <profile>

Per-project default: Set in .planning/config.json:

{
  "model_profile": "balanced"
}

Design Rationale

Why Opus for gsd-planner? Planning involves architecture decisions, goal decomposition, and task design. This is where model quality has the highest impact.

Why Sonnet for gsd-executor? Executors follow explicit PLAN.md instructions. The plan already contains the reasoning; execution is implementation.

Why Sonnet (not Haiku) for verifiers in balanced? Verification requires goal-backward reasoning - checking if code delivers what the phase promised, not just pattern matching. Sonnet handles this well; Haiku may miss subtle gaps.

Why Haiku for gsd-codebase-mapper? Read-only exploration and pattern extraction. No reasoning required, just structured output from file contents.

Why inherit instead of passing opus directly? Claude Code's "opus" alias maps to a specific model version. Organizations may block older opus versions while allowing newer ones. GSD returns "inherit" for opus-tier agents, causing them to use whatever opus version the user has configured in their session. This avoids version conflicts and silent fallbacks to Sonnet.

Why inherit profile? Some runtimes (including OpenCode) let users switch models at runtime (/model). The inherit profile keeps all GSD subagents aligned to that live selection.